>Grallaria capitalis (Bay Antpitta)

Bay Antpitta

Bay Antpitta
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. capitalis
Binomial name
Grallaria capitalis Chapman, 1926

The Bay Antpitta (Grallaria capitalis) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is endemic to Peru.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.

>Grallaria przewalskii (Rusty-tinged Antpitta)

Rusty-tinged Antpitta

Rusty-tinged Antpitta
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. przewalskii
Binomial name
Grallaria przewalskii Taczanowski, 1882

The Rusty-tinged Antpitta (Grallaria przewalskii) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is endemic to Peru.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.

>Grallaria hypoleuca (White-bellied Antpitta)

White-bellied Antpitta

White-bellied Antpitta
Near San Isidros Lodge, Ecuador
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. hypoleuca
Binomial name
Grallaria hypoleuca Sclater, 1855

The White-bellied Antpitta (Grallaria hypoleuca) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.

>Grallaria flavotincta (Yellow-breasted Antpitta)

Yellow-breasted Antpitta

Yellow-breasted Antpitta
In Ecuador
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. flavotincta
Binomial name
Grallaria flavotincta Sclater, 1877

The Yellow-breasted Antpitta (Grallaria flavotincta) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family.

It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

>Grallaria carrikeri (Pale-billed Antpitta)

Pale-billed Antpitta

Pale-billed Antpitta
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. carrikeri
Binomial name
Grallaria carrikeri Schulenberg & Williams,MD, 1982

The Pale-billed Antpitta (Grallaria carrikeri) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is endemic to highland forests in the Andes of northern Peru.

>Grallaria ridgelyi (Jocotoco Antpitta)

Jocotoco Antpitta

Jocotoco Antpitta
In Tapichalaca Reserve, Ecuador
Conservation status
Endangered (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. ridgelyi
Binomial name
Grallaria ridgelyi Krabbe, Agro, Rice, Jacome, Navarrete & Sornoza, 1999
Known Ecuadorian range in blue. Now also confirmed from adjacent Peru.

The Jocotoco Antpitta (Grallaria ridgelyi) is an endangered antpitta, a bird from Ecuador and Peru. It was only discovered in 1997, and scientifically described in 1999.

Description

The new species is a large (150–200 g) ground antbird with a striking head pattern showing tufts of white plumes beneath the eyes. It has a song similar to the hooting of the Rufous-banded Owl.

Taxonomy

Its closest relative appears to be the Chestnut-naped Antpitta and the Pale-billed Antpitta, with which it forms a group of antpittas with uniform breast plumage and smoky-grey flanks.

This bird's specific name honors the ornithologist Robert S. Ridgely, who took part in the initial discovery of this species. The common name refers to the local name of the bird,jocotoco, which is onomatopoetic after its hooting calls and song.

Distribution and habitat

The antpitta is presently known only from a very small number of locations in southeastern Ecuador and adjacent Peru, and appears to be declining.It was initially believed to be limited to the upper Chinchipe River drainage in Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador, but in 2006 a population was discovered in Cordillera del Cóndor in Cajamarca, Peru. It inhabits only wet, mossy forest with ample Chusquea bamboo stands and silvery-leaved Cecropia trees. It is found at an altitude of 2,250 to 2,700 meters.

Conservation and status

To protect the presumably small population, the Tapichalaca Biological Reserve was established on behalf of Fundación de Conservación Jocotoco in 1998.

The IUCN classifies it as Endangered (B1ab(i, ii,iii, v)). This means that based on currently available data, it is estimated to occur in no more than five locations over a total area of less than 5000 km², with both habitat quality and availability, and numbers declining, and some of the subpopulations in danger of disappearance. Due to its shyness and the call which might be mistaken for that of a Rufous-banded Owl, it could be more widespread than presently known, although surveys at several seemingly appropriate localties have failed to find any evidence of it.

>Grallaria nuchalis (Chestnut-naped Antpitta)

Chestnut-naped Antpitta

Chestnut-naped Antpitta
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae (but see text)
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. nuchalis
Binomial name
Grallaria nuchalis Sclater, 1859

The Chestnut-naped Antpitta (Grallaria nuchalis) is a species of bird tentatively placed in the family Grallariidae; it might belong to a more distinct lineage though.

It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

>Grallaria rufocinerea (Bicolored Antpitta)

Bicolored Antpitta

Bicolored Antpitta
Illustration by Joseph Smit, 1890
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. rufocinerea
Binomial name
Grallaria rufocinerea Sclater & Salvin, 1879

The Bicolored Antpitta (Grallaria rufocinerea) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

>Grallaria andicola (Stripe-headed Antpitta)

Stripe-headed Antpitta

Stripe-headed Antpitta
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. andicolus
Binomial name
Grallaria andicolus (Cabanis, 1873)

The Stripe-headed Antpitta (Grallaria andicolus) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is found in Bolivia and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

>Grallaria watkinsi (Watkins's Antpitta)

Watkins's Antpitta

Watkins's Antpitta
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. watkinsi
Binomial name
Grallaria watkinsi Chapman, 1919

The Watkins's Antpitta or Scrub Antpitta (Grallaria watkinsi) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.

>Grallaria bangsi (Santa Marta Antpitta)

Santa Marta Antpitta

Santa Marta Antpitta
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. bangsi
Binomial name
Grallaria bangsi Allen, 1900

The Santa Marta Antpitta (Grallaria bangsi) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Appearance

The Santa Marta Antpitta is 18 cm long and is brown above with eye ring. It's underparts are white streaked brown, except for bright buff throat, brownish flanks and cinnamon buff underwing coverts.

>Grallaria dignissima (Ochre-striped Antpitta)

Ochre-striped Antpitta

Ochre-striped Antpitta
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. dignissima
Binomial name
Grallaria dignissima (Sclater & Salvin, 1880)

The Ochre-striped Antpitta (Grallaria dignissima) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Described in the 1880 edition of The Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London. Illustrated by John Gerrard Keulemans as Plate 17.

>Grallaria haplonota (Plain-backed Antpitta)

Plain-backed Antpitta

Plain-backed Antpitta
Illustration by Joseph Smit, 1890
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. haplonota
Binomial name
Grallaria haplonota Sclater, 1877

The Plain-backed Antpitta (Grallaria haplonota) is a species of bird in the Grallariidae family. It is found in Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.

>Grallaria chthonia (Táchira Antpitta)

Táchira Antpitta

Táchira Antpitta
Conservation status
Critically endangered, possibly extinct (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae (provisional)
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. chthonia
Binomial name
Grallaria chthonia Phelps & Wetmore, 1956

The Táchira Antpitta (Grallaria chthonia) is a cryptical bird species. It is provisionally placed in the family Grallariidae, pending revision of this group. This species was only sighted and collected between 1955 and 1956, and may be extinct.

Description

The Táchira Antpitta reaches a length of 17 cm. Its upperparts are brownish. Crown and nape are coloured grey. The mantle has black barrings. Throat and ear coverts are brown. It is further characterised by a white malar stripe. The lower belly is whitish, the flanks and the breast have grey barrings.

Status

The Táchira Antpitta was last seen in 1956. Between 1955 and 1956 the ornithologists William Henry Phelps and Alexander Wetmore collected four specimens in the type locality at the hacienda La Providencia at the Rio Chiquita in the south-western part of Táchira,Venezuela. The type locality is located in the El Tamá National Park where some suitable habitat still remains. However, between 1990 and 1996 the cloud forest in the Rio Chiquita valley - including parts of the national park and the type locality - was entirely changed into coffee plantations below 1,600 m ASL, and largely cut down for vegetable gardens between 1,900 and 2,200 m ASL.

Despite extensive searches from 1990 to 1996, this species has not been observed since more than half a century. It was formerly classified as Endangered by the IUCN. But with current research failing to relocate this species, it is uplisted to Critically Endangered status in 2008.

>Grallaria alleni (Moustached Antpitta)

Moustached Antpitta

Moustached Antpitta
In Ecuador
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae (but see text)
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. alleni
Binomial name
Grallaria alleni Chapman, 1912

The Moustached Antpitta (Grallaria alleni) is a species of bird tentatively placed in the family Grallariidae; it might belong to a more distinct lineage though.

It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

>Grallaria guatimalensis (Scaled Antpitta)

Scaled Antpitta

Scaled Antpitta
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Grallariidae (disputed)
Genus:	Grallaria
Species:	G. guatimalensis
Binomial name
Grallaria guatimalensis Prévost & Des Murs, 1842

The Scaled Antpitta (Grallaria guatimalensis) is a species of bird tentatively placed in the family Grallariidae; it might belong to a more distinct lineage though.

It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana,Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.